Print version:Appendix B(2) – Contributing factors
Appendix B(2)
Contributing factors
Factors probably contributing to crashes
(Version 06/10/2003)
Driver Control
100 Alcohol100 Alcohol or Drugs
101 Alcohol Alcohol suspected
102 Alcohol Alcohol test below limit
103 Alcohol Alcohol test above limit or test refused
104 Alcohol Alcohol test result unknown
105 Visibly Visibly intoxicated non-driver (pedestrian /cyclist/passenger
106
107
108 Drugs Drugs suspected
109 Drugs Drugs proven
110 Too110 Too Fast for Conditions
111 Cornering Cornering
112 On On straight
113 To To give way at intersection
114 Approaching Approaching railway crossing
115 When When passing stationary school bus
116 At At temporary speed limit
117 At At crash or emergency
120 Failed120 Failed to Keep Left
121 Swung Swung wide on bend
122 Swung Swung wide at intersection
123 Cutting Cutting corner on bend
124 Cutting Cutting corner at intersection
125 On On straight section
126 Vehicle Vehicle crossed raised median
127 Driving Driving or riding abreast (cyclists more than 2 abreast)
128 Wandering Wandering or wobbling
129 Too Too far left/right
130 Lost130 Lost Control
131 When When turning
132 Under Under heavy braking
133 Under Under heavy acceleration
134 While While returning to seal from unsealed shoulder
135 Due Due to road conditions: (requires road series code)
136 Due Due to vehicle fault (requires vehicle series code)
137 Avoiding Avoiding another vehicle, pedestrian, party or obstacle on roadway
138 On On unsealed road
139 End End of seal
140 Failed140 Failed to Signal in Time
141 When When moving to left, pulling over to left
142 When When turning left
143 When When pulling out or moving to the right
144 When When turning right
145 Incorrect Incorrect Signal
150 Overtaking150 Overtaking
151 Overtaking Overtaking line of traffic or queue
152 Deliberately Deliberately in the face of oncoming traffic
153 Failed Failed to notice oncoming traffic
154 Misjudged Misjudged speed or distance of oncoming traffic
155 At At no passing line
156 With With insufficient visibility
157 At At an intersection without due care
158 On On left without due care
159 Cut Cut in after overtaking
160 Vehicle Vehicle signalling right turn
161 Without Without care at a pedestrian crossing
170 Wrong170 Wrong Lane/Turned From Wrong Position
171 Turned Turned right from incorrect lane
172 Turned Turned left from incorrect lane
173 Travelled Travelled straight ahead from turning lane or flush median
174 Turned Turned right from left side of road
175 Turned Turned left from near centre line
176 Turned Turned into incorrect lane
177 Weaving Weaving or cut in on multi-lane roads
178 Moved Moved left to avoid slow vehicle
179 Motor Motor vehicle in cycle lane
180 In180 In Line of Traffic
181 Following Following too closely
182 Travelling Travelling unreasonably slowly
183 Motorist Motorist crowded cyclist
190 Sudden190 Sudden Action
191 Braked Braked
192 Turned Turned left
193 Turned Turned right
194 Swerved Swerved to avoid pedestrian
195 Swerved Swerved to avoid animal
196 Swerved Swerved to avoid crash or broken down vehicle
197 Swerved Swerved to avoid vehicle
198 Swerved Swerved to avoid object or for unknown reason
200 Forbidden200 Forbidden Movements
201 Wrong Wrong way in one way street, motorway or roundabout
202 When When turning or U turning contrary to a sign
203 Contrary Contrary to “in” or “out” only driveway sign
204 Driving Driving or Riding on Footpath
205 On On incorrect side of island or median
206 Contrary Contrary to “no entry” sign
207 In In Car Park
Vehicle Conflicts
300 Failed300 Failed to Give Way
301 At At Stop Sign
302 At At Give Way Sign
303 When When Turning to Non-turning traffic
304 When When deemed turning by markings, not geometry
305 When When turning left, to opposing right turning traffic
306 To To pedestrian on a crossing
307 When When turning at signals to pedestrians
308 When When entering roadway from driveway
309 To To traffic approaching or crossing from the right
310 Failed Failed to Give way at one lane bridge/road
311 Failed Failed to give way to pedestrian on footpath or verge
312 Entering Entering roadway not from driveway or intersection
320 Did320 Did not Stop
321 At At stop sign
322 At At steady red light
323 At At steady red arrow
324 At At steady amber light
325 At At steady amber arrow
326 At At flashing red lights (Rail Xing, Fire Stn etc)
327 For For police or flag-person
328 For For school patrol/kea Xing
330 Inattentive:330 Inattentive: Failed to Notice
331 Car Car slowing, stopping or stopped in front
332 Bend Bend in road
333 Indication Indication of vehicle in front
334 Traffic Traffic lights
335 Intersection Intersection or its Stop/Give Way control
336 Other Other regulatory sign/markings
337 Warning Warning sign
338 Direction, Direction, information signs/markings
339 Road-works Road-works signs
340 Lane Lane use arrows/markings?
341 Obstructions Obstructions on Roadway
350 Attention350 Attention Diverted By:
351 Passengers Passengers
352 Scenery Scenery or persons outside vehicle
353 Other Other traffic
354 Animal Animal or insect in vehicle
355 Trying Trying to find intersection, house number, destination
356 Advertising Advertising or signs
357 Emotionally Emotionally upset
358 Cigarette, Cigarette, radio, glove box etc
359 Cell Cell phone or communications device
360 Driver Driver dazzled
370 Did370 Did not see or look for another party until too late
371 Behind Behind when reversing / manoeuvring
372 Behind Behind when changing lanes position or direction (includes U-turns
373 Behind Behind when pulling out from parked position
374 Behind Behind when opening door or leaving vehicle
375 When When required to give way to traffic from another direction
376 When When required to give way to pedestrians
377 When When visibility obstructed by other vehicles
378 When When visibility limited by roadside features
379 When When first in queue on receiving green light
380 Misjudged380 Misjudged speed, distance, size or position of:
381 Other Other vehicle coming from behind or alongside
382 Other Other vehicle coming from another direction with right of way
383 Pedestrian Pedestrian movement or intention
384 Towed Towed vehicle, or while towing a vehicle
385 Size Size or position of fixed object or obstacle
386 Of Of own vehicle
387 Misjudged Misjudged intentions of another party
General Driver
400 Inexperience400 Inexperience
401 in in driving in fast, complex or heavy traffic
402 New New driver showed inexperience
403 Driving Driving strange vehicle
404 Overseas Overseas driver fails to adjust to local conditions
405 Driver Driver under instruction
406 At At towing trailer / other vehicle
407 Driver Driver over-reacted
408 Unsupervised Unsupervised cyclist
410 Fatigue410 Fatigue (Drowsy, Tired, Fell Asleep)
411 Long Long trip
412 Lack Lack of sleep
413 Exhaust Exhaust fumes
414 Worked Worked long hours before driving
415 Exceeded Exceeded driving hours
420 Incorrect420 Incorrect use of vehicle controls
421 Started Started in gear
422 Stalled Stalled engine
423 Wrong Wrong pedal
424 Footrest, Footrest, stand
425 Ignition Ignition turned off (steering locked)
426 Lights Lights not switched on
427 Foot Foot slipped
428 Parking Parking brake not fully applied
429 Trailer Trailer coupling or safety chain not secured
430 Showing430 Showing Off
431 Racing Racing
432 Playing Playing Chicken
433 Wheel Wheel spins/wheelies/doughnuts etc
434 Intimidating Intimidating Driving
440 Parked Parked or Stopped
441 Inadequately Inadequately lit at night: (not lit by street lights or park lights off)
442 At At point of limited visibility
443 Not Not as close as practicable to side of road
444 On On incorrect side of road
445 Double Double parked
446 In In‘No Stopping’ area
447 Not Not Clear of rail crossing
General Person
500 Illness500 Illness and Disability
501 Illness Illness with no warning e.g. heart attack, unexpected epilepsy)
502 Physically Physically disabled
503 Defective Defective vision
504 Medical Medical illness (not sudden) flu, diabetes
505 Mental Mental illness (depression, psychosis)
506 Suicidal Suicidal (but not successful)
507 Impaired Impaired ability due to old age
510 Intentional510 Intentional or Criminal
511 Deliberate Deliberate homicide (only if succeeded)
512 Intentional Intentional collision
513 Committed Committed suicide (only if succeeded)
514 Evading Evading enforcement
515 Object Object deliberately thrown at or dropped on vehicle/shot at
516 Object Object thrown from vehicle
517 Stolen Stolen vehicle
520 Driver/Passenger,520 Driver/Passenger, Boarding, Joining, In Vehicle
521 Boarding Boarding moving vehicle
522 Intentionally Intentionally leaving moving vehicle
523 Riding Riding in insecure position
524 Interfered Interfered with driver
525 Opened Opened door inadvertently
526 Overloaded Overloaded vehicle (with passengers)
527 Child Child playing in parked vehicle
530 Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Person
531 Casualty Casualty drowned
532 Casualty Casualty thrown from vehicle
533 Equestrian Equestrian not keeping to verge
534 Cyclist Cyclist or M/cyclist wearing dark clothing
Vehicles
600 Lights600 Lights and Reflectors at Fault or Dirty
601 Dazzling Dazzling headlights
602 Headlights Headlights inadequate or no headlights
603 Headlights Headlights failed suddenly
604 Brake-lights Brake-lights or indicators faulty or not fitted
605 Tail-lights Tail-lights inadequate or no tail-lights
606 Reflectors Reflectors inadequate or no reflectors
607 Lights Lights or reflectors obscured
610 Brakes610 Brakes
611 Parking Parking brake failed
612 Parking Parking brake defective
613 Service Service brake failed
614 Service Service brake defective
615 Jack-knifed Jack-knifed
620 Steering620 Steering
621 Defective Defective
622 Failed Failed suddenly
630 Tyres630 Tyres
631 Puncture Puncture or blowout
632 Worn Worn tread on tyre
633 Incorrect Incorrect tyre type
634 Mixed Mixed treads/space savers
640 Windscreen640 Windscreen or Mirror
641 Shattered Shattered windscreen
642 Windscreen Windscreen or rear window dirty
643 Rear Rear vision mirror not adjusted correctly
644 No No rear vision mirror
645 Windscreen, Windscreen, or rear window misted/ frosted
646 Inadequate Inadequate or no sun-visors
647 Inadequate Inadequate or no windscreen wipers
648 Cycle/Motorcycle Cycle/Motorcycle visor, glasses, goggles or screen
650 Mechanical650 Mechanical
651 Engine Engine failure
652 Transmission Transmission failure (including chains and gears)
653 Accelerator Accelerator or throttle jammed
660 Body660 Body or Chassis
661 Body, Body, chassis or frame (cycle, m/c) failure
662 Suspension Suspension failure
663 Failure Failure of door catch or door not shut
664 Inadequate Inadequate mudguards
665 Inadequate Inadequate tow coupling
666 Inadequate Inadequate or no safety chain
667 Bonnet Bonnet catch failed
668 Wheel Wheel off
669 Broken Broken axle
670 Inconspicuous Inconspicuous colour
671 Blind Blind spot
672 Seat Seat belt/restraint failed
673 Air-bag Air-bag failed to inflate (fully)
680 Load680 Load
681 Load Load interferes with driver
682 Not Not well secured or load moved
683 Over-hanging Over-hanging
684 Load Load obscured vision
685 Excess Excess dimensions not adequately indicated
686 Overdimension Overdimension vehicle or load
687 Load Load too heavy
688 Towed Towed vehicle or trailer too heavy or incompatible
690 Miscellaneous690 Miscellaneous Vehicle
691 Emergency Emergency Vehicle attending emergency
692 Vehicle Vehicle caught fire
693 Being Being towed
694 Air-bag Air-bag contributed to crash or injury
695 Seatbelt/restraint Seatbelt/restraint absent or unusable
696 Dangerous Dangerous goods
Pedestrians
700 Walking700 Walking along Road
701 Not Not keeping to footpath
702 Not Not keeping to side of road
703 Not Not facing oncoming traffic
704 Not Not on outside of blind curve
710 Crossing710 Crossing Road
711 Walking Walking heedless of traffic
712 Stepping Stepping out from behind vehicles
713 Running Running heedless of traffic
714 Failed Failed to use pedestrian crossing when one within 20 metres
715 Waiting Waiting on roadway for moving traffic
716 Confused Confused by traffic or stepped back
717 Suddenly Suddenly stepped onto pedestrian crossing
718 Not Not complying with traffic signals or school patrols
719 Misjudged Misjudged speed and/or distance of vehicle
720 Miscellaneous Miscellaneous
721 Pushing, Pushing, working on or unloading vehicle
722 Playing Playing on road or unnecessarily on road
723 Working Working on road
724 Wearing Wearing dark clothing
725 Vision Vision obscured by umbrella or clothing
726 Child Child escaped from supervision
727 Unsupervised Unsupervised child
728 Sitting/lying Sitting/lying on road
729 Pedestrian Pedestrian from School bus
730 Pedestrian Pedestrian behind reversing/manoeuvring vehicle
731 Overseas Overseas pedestrian
Road
800 Slippery800 Slippery
801 Rain Rain
802 Frost Frost or ice
803 Snow Snow or hail
804 Loose Loose material on seal
805 Mud Mud
806 Oil/Diesel/Fuel Oil/Diesel/Fuel
807 Painted Painted markings
808 Recently Recently graded
809 Surface Surface bleeding/defective
810 Surface810 Surface
811 Potholed Potholed
812 Uneven Uneven
813 Deep Deep loose metal
814 High High crown
815 Curve Curve not well banked
816 Edge Edge badly defined or gave way
817 Under Under construction or maintenance
818 Unusually Unusually narrow
819 Broken Broken glass
820 Obstructed820 Obstructed
821 Fallen Fallen tree or branch
822 Slip Slip or subsidence
823 Flood Flood waters, large puddles, ford
824 Road Road works not adequately lighted
825 Road Road works not adequately signposted
826 Roadside Roadside Object fell on vehicle
827 Object Object flicked up by vehicle
830 Visibility830 Visibility Limited
831 Curve Curve
832 Crest Crest
833 Building Building
834 Trees Trees
835 Hedge Hedge or fence
836 Scrub Scrub or long grass
837 Bank Bank
838 Temporary Temporary obstruction, dust or smoke
839 Parked Parked vehicle
840 Signs840 Signs and Signals
841 Damaged, Damaged, removed or malfunction
842 Badly Badly located
843 Ineffective Ineffective or inadequate
844 Necessary Necessary
845 Signals Signals turned off
850 Markings Markings
851 Faded Faded
852 Difficult Difficult to see under weather conditions
853 Markings Markings necessary
854 Not Not visible due to geometry or vehicles
855 Old Old markings not adequately removed
860 Street860 Street Lighting
861 Failed Failed
862 Inadequate Inadequate
863 Glare Glare on wet road
864 Pedestrian Pedestrian crossing not adequately lighted
870 Raised870 Raised Islands and Roundabouts
871 Traffic Traffic Island(s) difficult to see
872 Traffic Traffic Island(s) ineffective, badly located or designed
873 Cyclist Cyclist squeeze point
Miscellaneous
900 Weather900 Weather
901 Heavy Heavy rain
902 Dazzling Dazzling sun
903 Strong Strong wind
904 Fog Fog or mist
905 Snow, Snow, sleet or hail
910 Animals910 Animals
911 Household Household pet rushed out or playing
912 Farm Farm animal straying
913 Farm Farm animal attended, but inadequate warning or unexpected
914 Farm Farm animal attended, but out of control
915 Wild Wild animal
920 Entering920 Entering or Leaving Land Use
921 Roadside Roadside Stall
922 Service Service Station
923 Specialised Specialised Liquor outlet
924 Take Take away foods
925 Shopping Shopping Complex
926 Car Car parking building/area
927 Other Other commercial
928 Industrial Industrial Site
929 Private Private house/farm
930 Other Other non-commercial
931 Mobile Mobile shop or Vendor
980 Unconverted980 Unconverted old codes (not used after 1998)
977 Old Old 920: Equestrian
978 Old Old 950: Miscellaneous
979 Old Old 960: Special Codes
981 Old Old 131: Swinging wide on bend or intersection
982 Old Old 138: Lost control – head on collision
983 Old Old 147: When changing lanes
984 Old Old 157: Cut in
985 Old Old 188: At steady red/amber arrows
986 Old Old 225: Wrong way in one way street or other forbidden movement
987 Old Old 235: Misjudged speed of other vehicle
988 Old Old 236: Misjudged distance, size or position of vehicle
989 Old Old 238: In controlling skid
990 Old Old 273: Defective vision or illness (not sudden)
991 Old Old 503: In face of traffic
992 Old Old 504: Opened door in path of another party
993 Old Old 512: Interfered with driver or overloaded vehicle
994 Old Old 737: Physical defect or old age
995 Old Old 738: Unattended child
996 Old Old 952: Suicide
997 Old Old 400: Specific Cyclist Faults
998 Old Old 930: Bicycle Faults
999 Unknown Unknown
Page updated: 22 July 2005
